High altitude refers to regions located above the elevations of 1,500 meters comparing sea level, where decreased atmospheric pressure results in hypobaric hypoxia. This environmental condition causes a range of physiological adaptations and can trigger altitude-related illnesses in unacclimatized individuals. Key syndromes include Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS), High-Altitude Pulmonary Edema (HAPE), High-Altitude Cerebral Edema (HACE), and Chronic Mountain Sickness (CMS). Understanding the classification of high-altitude regions, physiological changes, and illness mechanisms is crucial for prevention and management. This article outlines these components and provides guidance on the prevention and treatment strategies essential for maintaining health at high altitudes.
Keywords: High-Altitude Pulmonary Edema (HAPE), High-Altitude Cerebral Edema (HACE, Acute mountain sickness (AMS)
